耐高温高强度醇溶性磷酸盐/酚醛杂化胶黏剂的制备及性能表征

以磷酸盐溶液为原料制备了一种醇溶性磷酸盐树脂,加入酚醛树脂及固化剂制备一种耐高温高强度杂化胶黏剂.并借助液滴形状分析仪、红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、万能拉力机对醇溶性磷酸盐树脂在疏水材料表面的润湿情况、分子结构、耐热性能、物相组成、微观形貌及力学性能进行分析.结果表明,醇溶性磷酸盐树脂对疏水材料的润湿效果良好,并且杂化胶黏剂具有优异的耐高温性和力学性能.     

Optimization of three-dimensional boiling enhancement structure at evaporation surface for high power light emitting diode

A theoretical model of phase change heat sink was established in terms of thermal resistance network. The influence of different parameters on the thermal resistance was analyzed and the crucial impact factors were determined. Subsequently, the forming methods including ploughing–extrusion and stamping method of boiling enhancement structure at evaporation surface were investigated, upon which three-dimensional microgroove structure was fabricated to improve the efficiency of evaporation. Moreover, the crucial parameters related to the fabrication of miniaturized phase change heat sink were optimized. The heat transfer performance of the heat sink was tested. Results show that the developed phase change heat sink has excellent heat transfer performance and is suitable for high power LED applications.     

攀西钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备储水泡沫陶瓷的研究

以攀西钒钛磁铁尾矿和废玻璃为主要原料通过高温烧结法制备储水泡沫陶瓷，研究原料配比和发泡剂（SiC）添加量对材料性能的影响。结果表明:随着钒钛磁铁矿尾矿含量的增加，材料的体积密度及抗压强度逐渐增大，平均气孔孔径逐渐减小；当尾矿添加量为50 wt%，材料的体积吸水率出现极值。当SiC添加量为0.3 wt%，材料内部气孔分布均匀，平均孔径约为2.93 mm。最终以50.0 wt%的钒钛磁铁矿尾矿和50.0 wt%的废玻璃为原料，外加3.0 wt%的石英，0.3 wt%的SiC，3.0 wt%的Na3PO4，在1040℃下制得性能最优的储水泡沫陶瓷，材料的体积密度为0.26 g/cm-3、体积吸水率为56.5%和抗压强度为0.68 MPa。采用SEM、XRD等检测手段研究材料的微观形貌及物相组成，结果表明储水泡沫陶瓷内部由三维立体结构组成，有利于储存水分；材料主要物相包括硅灰石、长石、透辉石和钛铁矿。      

梁子湖水环境主要污染因子研究

研究了梁子湖水环境主要污染因子。分别采用综合污染指数法和卡尔森综合营养指数法对梁子湖入湖口、中心梁子岛、东梁子湖湖心、出湖口等监测点的水质状况和营养状态进行评价。结果表明,梁子湖的出湖口水质状况最好,入湖口最差;全湖处于中营养状态;总磷、总氮、COD_(Cr)、COD_(Mn)、BOD_5为梁子湖主要污染因子;梁子湖主要污染物的来源主要包括外源污染物的流入、区域内面源污染等。     

Simulation Study on Hydrogen-Heating-Power Poly-Generation System based on Solar Driven Supercritical Water Biomass Gasification with Compressed Gas Products as an Energy Storage System

Supercritical water gasification driven by solar energy is a promising way for clean utilization of biomass with high moisture content, but direct discharge of liquid residual causes energy waste and decreases energy efficiency. To reduce energy waste, a poly-generation system for hydrogen-rich gas production coupling heat supply and power generation based on supercritical water gasification of biomass driven by concentrated solar energy was established in this paper, which also provided a novel energy storage method to overcome the shortcomings of solar discontinuity. Thermodynamic model of the system was proposed and life cycle assessment(LCA) of the system was conducted. Influence of different parameters(temperature of 600℃ to 800℃, outlet temperature of heat exchanger of 42℃ to 56℃, biomass slurry concentration of 5% to 6.5%) on the gasification performance, energy and exergy efficiency, energy distribution and global warming potential(GWP) was discussed. The results indicated that hydrogen yield increased as gasification temperature increased since free radical reaction was enhanced which gas production reaction was classified into. Molar fraction of hydrogen increased as gasification temperature increased and reached 65.6% at 750℃. Energy and exergy efficiency of the system reached 74.84% and 34.87% at 700℃ and 600℃ respectively and that of gas production was 18.15% at 650℃, which was the highest. Increasing reaction temperature and decreasing biomass slurry concentration were effective ways to decrease GWP. Optimal operating parameter was reaction temperature of 650℃, outlet temperature of heat exchanger of 50℃ and biomass concentration of 5%.     

消声元件安装位置对消声效果的影响

分别以消声量和管口阶次噪声作为评价指标,研究消声元件安装位置对消声效果的影响规律,设计在直管不同位置安放四分之一波长管的消声量测量试验对消声量评价。结果表明:设计频率声模态下,在反节点处安装波长管消声量最大,与理论分析完全吻合;进一步对消声量进行仿真计算,结果与试验完全相符。对于管口噪声指标评价,设计频率为267 Hz的谐振腔解决某发动机4000 r/min时进气管口存在4阶噪声引起的噪声峰值问题,对比谐振腔安装在进气管路该频率附近的声模态反节点和节点位置的管口4阶噪声,可知谐振腔布置在反节点位置比节点位置噪音降低了24 dB。两个案例充分证明声学系统模态反节点位置是消声元件的最佳布置位置。     

电永磁吸盘在石油套管接箍切断机下料工序中的应用

针对石油套管生产过程中接箍切断岗位人员搬运接箍劳动强度大、存在安全隐患的问题，对生产工艺过程、电磁吸盘的原理和性能进行分析，采用电永磁吸盘设计了一种接箍自动下料装置。该装置可以根据设定进行电磁吸盘的充/退磁，实现整层接箍的抓取和卸料，整个过程实现一键自动下料，全程不需人工干预。现场生产应用表明，使用电永磁吸盘进行整层接箍下料，能大幅降低岗位员工的劳动强度，生产效率提高5%以上，减少了安全隐患，达到了预期目的。     

海上油田液控智能采油工艺研究

海上油田开发以水平井大斜度井居多,开发井层数多,层间矛盾大。针对目前开发方式无法实现对油层进行精细开采的现状,提出了海上油田液控智能采油工艺技术。该工艺利用八挡位井下液压滑套配合液压解码器可以实现多层的精细开采,同时设计的水嘴结构可以实现多层流量精细的调节与大产液量的调节。井下液压解码器利用排列组合的原理,在降低管线数量的同时,实现了井下层位的选择与高压控制液引导,并通过计算管线摩阻,为现场管线的选择提供了理论支撑。试验结果表明:油嘴结构可以实现0~800 m 3/d的精细调节;井下液压滑套换向功能可靠,换向压力稳定在2 MPa左右,可实现0~2800 m 3/d的产量调节。该工艺不受水深和井斜等限制,最多实现了6层井的精细开采,提高了作业效率,可为海上油田精细化开采提供技术保障,同时也可为深水油田的开发提供技术储备。     

纵轴式掘进机截割头载荷影响因素的仿真分析

针对现有掘进机截割头载荷特性研究方法采用单一影响因素不能全面反映截割头载荷及其波动变化规律的问题,通过分析截割头瞬时载荷,确定了纵轴式掘进机在水平截割工况下截割头载荷的主要影响因素有截割岩石特性、截割头掏槽深度、截割头吃刀深度、截割头转速和截割臂摆速。针对某纵轴式掘进机水平截割工况,采用Matlab对影响截割头载荷的多种因素进行仿真分析,得到了各向载荷及其波动随各因素的变化规律:截割头载荷随着岩壁普氏系数的增大而增加,其中横向阻力增加尤为明显,横向阻力波动程度高于其他方向载荷,且随着岩壁普氏系数的增大呈减小趋势;随着截割头掏槽深度的增加,截割头各向载荷近似呈线性增加,其中升力增加幅度最大,各向载荷波动则随着截割头掏槽深度的增大而减小;随着吃刀深度的增加,截割头载荷总体呈增大趋势,载荷波动程度则随之减小;在截割头转速一定的情况下,截割头载荷均随着截割臂摆速的增加而增大,在同一摆速下,截割头载荷随着截割头转速的减小而增大,横向阻力波动明显高于升力和推进阻力波动,横向阻力和推进阻力波动按截割头载荷规律变化,升力波动则与之相反。截割头载荷波动变化规律与截割头载荷变化规律不尽一致,有时甚至相互冲突。因此,掘进机作业过程中应合理选择截割头掏槽深度、吃刀深度等操作参数和截割头转速、截割臂摆速等运动参数,使各参数相互匹配,以减小掘进机振动,延长使用寿命。     

利用KH560和纳米SiO2采用“一步法”反应挤出增黏PET

以KH560（3-缩水甘油基氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷）和纳米SiO₂颗粒复配作为扩链剂，采用“一步法”反应挤出增黏聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。KH560和SiO₂的添加量均为PET质量分数的2.5%时，增黏效果最好。并且在PET不干燥的情况下，KH560和SiO₂复配也可增加PET的黏度，可用作PET的扩链剂和防水解剂。经透射电镜观察，发现SiO₂在PET中的分散状况良好。用FTIR研究了KH560、SiO₂、PET三者之间的反应机理。用TGA分析了SiO₂的接枝率，发现接枝率高达72.0%。用DSC对PET/纳米SiO₂复合材料的结晶行为进行了研究，并讨论了结晶行为对力学性能的影响。当KH560和SiO₂的添加量均为PET质量分数的2.5%时，结晶度最低，综合力学性能最好。